应用合成生物学策略优化光合蓝细菌底盘

摘要

Photosynthetic cyanobacteria possess a series of good properties,such as their abilities to capture solar energy for CO2 fixation,low nutritional requirements for growth,high growth rate,and relatively simple genetic background.Due to the high oil price and increased concern of the global warming in recent years,cyanobacteria have attracted widespread attention because they can serve as an 'autotrophic microbial factory' for producing renewable biofuels and fine chemicals directly from CO2.Particularly,significant progress has been made in applying synthetic biology techniques and strategies to construct and optimize cyanobacteria chassis.In this article,we critically summarized recent advances in developing new methods to optimize cyanobacteria chassis,improving cyanobacteria photosynthetic efficiency,and in constructing cyanobacteria chassis tolerant to products or environmental stresses.In addition,various industrial applications of cyanobacteria chassis are also discussed.%光合蓝细菌具有一系列良好的特质,包括利用太阳能固定CO2、营养需求低、生长迅速以及遗传背景简单等.近年来,光合蓝细菌作为生产可再生燃料和精细化学制品的“自养型人工细胞工厂”引起了社会的广泛关注,促进了相关研究的升温.目前在应用合成生物学的技术和研究策略来优化光合蓝细菌作为底盘生物等方面已取得了一些令人鼓舞的进展.文中综述了近年来在光合蓝细菌底盘优化的方法、光合效率的提高以及各种耐受性蓝细菌底盘的构建方面的进展,并对光合蓝细菌底盘构建的工业应用价值进行了讨论.