艾蒿精油对朱砂叶螨的生物活性及几种保护酶活性的影响

摘要

The bioactivity of Artemisia argyi essential oil on Tetranychus cinnabarinus was investigated using slide-dip and fumigation methods.The activities of three protective enzymes (SOD,POD,and CAT) and protease in female adults exposed to essential oil at sublethal dosages (LD10,LD20,and LD30) and median lethal dosage (LDs0) were analyzed at 4,8,12,16,20 and 24 hours post-treatment.The results showed that female adults died at 21.48％,27.41％,and 77.78％ at 24,48,and 72 h post-treatment at 2.0％ concentration,and the LD50 values were 23.03％,13.25％,and 0.35％,respectively.Moreover,the fumigation effect ofA.argyi essential oil was stronger on eggs than on female adults,and the IDs0 and LDs0 values were 0.21 and 8.93 μL/L,respectively.SOD and POD were activated,and CAT and protease activities were inhibited after treatment with different doses (LD10,LD20,and LD30).Treatment at LD10,LD20,and LD30 for 8 hours increased SOD activities by 0.43,1.29,and 1.60 times in comparison with the control group,respectively;POD was activated by 54.64％,31.96％ and 5.15％,respectively;CAT was inhibited by 27.03％,20.46％ and 31.65％,respectively;Protease inhibition rates were 21.53％,29.16％ and 45.09％,respectively.The results indicate that treatment ofA.argyi essential oil at sublethal dosages can disturb the dynamic balance of protective enzymes and inhibit protease activity,which disturbs normal metabolism and produces toxic effects on T.cinnabarinus adult females.These results support the use of A.argyi essential oil as a control agent against T.cinnabarinus.%采用玻片浸渍法和熏蒸法测定了艾蒿精油对朱砂叶螨的生物活性,分析比较了亚致死剂量(LD10、LD20和LD30)和致死中量(LD50)处理雌成螨4、8、12、16、20和24h后体内保护酶和蛋白酶活性的变化.结果表明,经2.0％的艾蒿精油触杀后,雌成螨24、48和72 h的死亡率分别为21.48％、27.41％和77.78％,LC50分别为23.03％、13.25％和0.35％;艾蒿精油对卵的熏蒸作用较对雌成螨更强,对卵和雌成螨的ID50和LD50分别为0.21和8.93 μL/L.艾蒿精油处理雌成螨后,螨体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性被激活,过氧化氢酶(CAT)和蛋白酶活性被抑制.LD10、LD20和LD30处理8h时,SOD活性分别为对照的1.43、2.29和2.60倍,POD的激活率分别为54.64％、31.96％和5.15％,CAT的抑制率分别为27.03％、20.46％和31.65％,蛋白酶的抑制率分别为21.53％、29.16％和45.09％.表明艾蒿精油对雌成螨的熏蒸作用可破坏体内保护酶的动态平衡和抑制蛋白酶活性,进而影响其正常生理代谢,对螨体产生毒害作用.因此,艾蒿精油对防治朱砂叶螨有一定的开发潜力.