In recent years, with the rapid development of antitumor targeted drug therapy, the preparation of antitumor liposomes and its targeting research have attracted attention of scholars. Anti-tumor targeted drug treatment requires the drug to reach the tumor site has a relatively high concentration and longer retention time, the tumor cells have a strong cytotoxic activity, while normal cells no significant side effects.The drug has an in vivo distribution and specificity for the target fine action.The preparation methods of liposomes include film dispersion method,reverse evaporation method,ethanol injection method,supercritical reverse phase evaporation method and freeze-drying method. Antitumor targeting liposomes can be divided into active targeting liposomes and passive targeting liposomes. Targeted liposomes can specifically target tumor cells by recognizing specific targets in the tumor tissue,thus enriching tumor cells and killing tumor cells. In this paper,the preparation of anti-tumor liposomes and the progress of its targeting,for future study and application of liposomes provide a reference.%近年来,随着抗肿瘤靶向药物治疗在临床上的迅速发展,抗肿瘤脂质体的制备及其靶向性研究也引起学者们的广泛关注.抗肿瘤靶向药物治疗要求药物到达肿瘤部位时有相对较高的浓度和较长的时间存留,对肿瘤的靶向细胞有较强的杀伤活性,同时对正常细胞无明显不良作用,靶向治疗药物具有体内分布和对靶细作用的特异性.脂质体的制备方法包括薄膜分散法、逆向蒸发法、乙醇注入法、超临界反相蒸发法和冷冻干燥法.抗肿瘤靶向脂质体可分为主动靶向脂质体和被动靶向脂质体.靶向脂质体通过特异性识别肿瘤组织上的特异性靶点,从而富集在肿瘤部位,达到杀死肿瘤细胞的作用.本文介绍的抗肿瘤脂质体的制备及其靶向性研究进展,为以后脂质体的研究和应用提供参考.
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