自闭症患儿心理理论及其在心理干预中的应用

摘要

儿童自闭症是一类以社会交往障碍、沟通障碍和兴趣范围狭窄与刻板古怪的行为方式为特征的精神疾病,与心理理论缺损有密切关系.综述心理理论的相关研究后,着重分析了心理理论缺损对自闭症患儿社会能力的影响,从应用角度探讨了基于心理理论的儿童自闭症早期筛查和训练方法及其效果,并提出了目前研究存在的问题以及心理干预的重要研究方向.%Childhood autism is characterized by qualitative impairments in social interaction and communication and restricted,repetitive and stereotypical patterns of behavior and interests, which are correlated with deficits in theory of mind. The paper reviews the researches about the deficit of theory of mind in autism, and clarifies the impairments of social interaction and communication in autism caused by deficit of theory of mind. It also examines the issues of theory of mind - based early identification and training and the effects on childhood autism as well as concludes with the existing difficulties and trends in intervention research.