Objective To evaluate the genotoxicity of tenofovir dipivoxil fiimarate (TDF) and provide the theory basis for its clinical medication. Methods Salmonella reversion test (Ames test), chromosomal aberration test of CHL cells and mouse marrow micronucleus assay were used to investigate the genotoxicity of TDF. Results Various dosages of TDF showed no mutagenic effects on salmonel latyphimurium in the Ames test, no chromosomal aberration effects were observed after CHL cells exposed to various dosages of TDF with or without rat liver supernatant 9 (S9) and TDF did not have inductive effects on formation of polychromatic erythrocyte micronucleus in mouse bone marrow micronucleus test. Conclusion TDF has no genotoxicity based on the Ames test, CHL chromosomal aberration test and micronucleus assay in the experimental conditions.%目的 分析2007-2009年安徽省临床分离痰标本中革兰阴性菌对抗菌药物耐药性变迁情况.方法 采用2009年美国CLSI推荐的琼脂对倍稀释法进行抗菌药物敏感实验,计算抗菌药物的耐药率、敏感率和中介率,结果采用SPSS11.5软件进行统计分析.结果 2007年1月至2009年12月从临床送检的痰标本中分离出革兰阴性菌1492株.来自ICU的不动杆菌对亚胺培南及美罗培南的敏感率分别为70.0％和61.3％,其对哌拉西林/三唑巴坦、头孢吡肟、头孢他啶、头孢曲松、庆大霉素、阿米卡星和环丙沙星的耐药率均高于非ICU菌株.来自ICU与非ICU的铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南、阿米卡星、头孢他啶的敏感率均在50％以上.来自ICU的铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南、美罗培南和庆大霉素的耐药率均高于非ICU菌株.肺炎克雷伯菌对哌拉西林/三唑巴坦、亚胺培南、美罗培南、阿米卡星的耐药率低于30％.大肠埃希菌对哌拉西林/三唑巴坦、亚胺培南、美罗培南、阿米卡星的耐药率在30％以下,对氨苄西林、头孢曲松、氨曲南、庆大霉素、氟喹诺酮类的耐药率大于50％.结论 定期进行耐药性监测有助于了解我省细菌耐药性变迁,为临床经验用药提供依据.
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