血根碱和牛膝多糖对黄羽肉鸡生长性能及免疫性能的影响

摘要

本试验旨在研究血根碱和牛膝多糖单独或联合添加对黄羽肉鸡生长性能及免疫性能的影响.试验选用1日龄的黄羽肉鸡300只, 随机分成5组, 每组6个重复, 每个重复10只.对照组饲喂基础饲粮, 血根碱组在基础饲粮中添加0.75 mg/kg血根碱, 牛膝多糖组在基础饲粮中添加400 mg/kg牛膝多糖, 血根碱+牛膝多糖组在基础饲粮中添加0.75 mg/kg血根碱和400 mg/kg牛膝多糖, 抗生素组在基础饲粮中添加300 mg/kg杆菌肽锌.试验期56 d, 分为2个阶段 (1～28日龄、29～56日龄) 进行.结果表明:1) 试验处理对黄羽肉鸡的1～28日龄、29～56日龄平均日采食量、平均日增重以及1～28日龄料重比均有显著影响 (P<0.05) .29～56日龄阶段, 血根碱组、牛膝多糖组和血根碱+牛膝多糖组的平均日采食量和平均日增重均显著高于对照组和抗生素组 (P<0.05) .血根碱和牛膝多糖对1～28日龄、29～56日龄的平均日采食量均有显著的互作效应 (P<0.05) .2) 28日龄时, 血根碱组、牛膝多糖组和血根碱+牛膝多糖组外周血淋巴细胞增殖率均显著高于对照组和抗生素组 (P<0.05) ; 56日龄时, 血根碱+牛膝多糖组外周血淋巴细胞增殖率最高, 与牛膝多糖组差异不显著 (P>0.05) , 但显著高于对照组、血根碱组和抗生素组 (P<0.05) .血根碱和牛膝多糖对28日龄外周血淋巴细胞增殖率存在显著的互作效应 (P<0.05) .3) 28日龄时, 与对照组相比, 添加血根碱和/或牛膝多糖均在一定程度上提高了黄羽肉鸡的免疫器官指数 (P>0.05) , 但血根碱和牛膝多糖对黄羽肉鸡免疫器官指数没有显著的互作效应 (P>0.05) .由此得出, 血根碱和牛膝多糖对黄羽肉鸡有促生长和提高机体免疫力的作用, 且两者对生长性能和外周血淋巴细胞增殖率都有一定的互作效应.%The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of sanguinarine (SAG) and Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides (ABP) on growth performance and immune performance of yellow-feather broilers alone or in combination.Three hundred 1-day-old yellow-feather broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 broilers per replicates.The broilers in control group were fed a basal diet, the broilers in SAG group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.75 mg/kg SAG, the broilers in ABP group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 400 mg/kg ABP, the broilers in SAG+ABP group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.75 mg/kg SAG and 400 mg/kg ABP, and the broilers in antibiotic group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg bacitracin zinc.The whole trial period was 56 days and it was divided into two phases (1 to 28 days of age and 29 to 56 days of age) .The results showed as follows:1) the experimental treatment had significant effects on the average feed intake and average daily gain of yellow-feather broilers at 1 to 28 days of age and 29 to 56 days of age and the feed/gain of yellow-feather broilers at 1 to 28 days of age (P<0.05) .The average feed intake and average daily gain of yellow-feather broilers at 29 to 56 days of age in the SAG, ABP and SAG+ABP groups were significantly higher than those in the control and antibiotics groups (P<0.05) .SAG and ABP had a significant interaction effect on the average feed intake of yellow-feather broilers at 1 to 28 days of age and 29 to 56 days of age (P<0.05) .2) The lymphocyte proliferation rate in peripheral blood of yellow-feather broilers at 28 days of age in the SAG, ABP and SAG+ABP groups were significantly higher than those in the control and antibiotics groups (P< 0.05) .The lymphocyte proliferation rate in peripheral blood of yellow-feather broilers at 28 days of age in the SAG+ABP group was the highest, which was significantly higher than that in the control, SAG and antibiotics groups (P<0.05) , but no significant difference was found between ABP and SAG +ABP groups (P> 0.05) .SAG and ABP had a significant interaction effect on the lymphocyte proliferation rate in peripheral blood of yellow-feather broilers at 28 days of age (P<0.05) .3) At 28 days of age, SAG and/or ABP supplementation increased the immune organ indexes of yellow-feather broilers at a certain extent compared with the control group (P>0.05) , and there was no significant interaction effect of SAG and ABP on immune organ indexes (P>0.05) .It is concluded that SAG and ABP can promote the growth and enhance the body immunity of yellow-feather broilers, and they have certain interaction effects on growth performance and lymphocyte proliferation rate in peripheral blood.