能量限制对三黄鸡补偿生长及肠道结构的影响

摘要

本试验旨在研究能量限制对三黄鸡补偿生长及肠道结构的影响，选用72只15日龄三黄母鸡，随机分为3个组：自由采食组（对照组）、15％能量限制组（试验1组）和30％能量限制组（试验2组），限饲15 d（30日龄）、补偿生长14 d（44日龄）和35 d（65日龄）后分别屠宰，取其十二指肠、空肠、回肠，测量其肠壁厚度、绒毛高度和隐窝深度。结果表明：1）限饲降低三黄鸡平均日增重（ P＜0．05），但料重比与对照组相比差异不显著（ P＞0．05）。补偿生长后，试验组与对照组组间的末重、平均日增重、料重比均差异不显著（ P＞0．05）。2）限饲增加了十二指肠、空肠、回肠绒毛高度及回肠绒毛高度／隐窝深度（ P＞0．05）。补偿生长后，十二指肠肠壁厚度变薄（ P＞0．05），空肠和回肠绒毛高度增加（ P＞0．05）。本试验表明，能量限制显著降低三黄鸡限饲期生长性能，补偿生长35 d后表现出完全补偿生长效应；能量限制在一定程度上改善了三黄鸡的小肠肠道形态结构，增加了十二指肠、空肠、回肠绒毛高度。%This experiment was conducted to study the effects of feed restriction on compensatory growth and intestinal structure in Sanhuang chicken.The 72 female Sanhuang chickens at 15 days of age were fed in this experiment.The chickens were randomly assigned to 3 groups:ad libitum ( control group) , 15%feed restric-tion ( trial group 1) and 30%feed restriction ( trial group 2) , chickens were slaughtered to measure intestine wall thickness, villus height, crypt depth of duodenum, jejunum, ileum in feed restriction for 15 days ( 30 day-old) , compensatory growth for 14 days ( 44-day-old) , compensatory growth for 35 days ( 65-day-old) , respectively.The results were showed as follows:1) the average daily gain ( ADG) of two experiment groups after feed restriction was significantly lower than that of control group ( P<0.05) , while there was no signifi-cant difference in feed to gain ratio ( F/G) ( P>0.05) .After compensatory growth, there were no significant differences among experiment groups and control group of final weight, ADG and F/G ( P>0.05) .2) The vil-lus height of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and villus height/crypt depth of ileum of chickens were increased by feed restriction ( P>0.05).And the intestine wall thickness of duodenum was decreased after compensatory growth, the villus height of jejunum, ileum was increased after compensatory growth ( P>0.05) .This experi-ment shows that feed res triction can significantly reduce the growth performance ofSanhuang chickens in feed restriction period, and show a tot al compensatory growth effect after compensatory growth for 35 d; feed re-striction improve the intestinal structure of chickens at a certain extent, enhance the villus height of duodenum, jejunum and ileum.