兔出血症病毒遗传与变异的分子基础

摘要

兔病毒性出血症是由兔出血症病毒（Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus，RHDV）引起的一种急性、高度致死性传染病，病死率高达100%。近年来，由于该病毒血凝性、抗原性的变异，病毒感染宿主增多，不仅对该病的防控造成了一定的威胁，更造成了严重的经济损失。国内外研究学者对该病毒的基因组结构、基因组编码的产物和功能，病毒的宿主和受体以及病毒变异等相关进行了大量深入的研究和分析，为该病毒的防控和治疗提供了技术基础。本文就RHDV遗传与变异的分子基础作一综述，希望能为深入了解该病毒，以及日后的防控提供一定的理论支持。%Rabbit hemorrhagic disease is a highly contagious infection, and the mortality can be as high as 100%. In the past years, Chinese and foreign researchers have made a great deal of progress in virus genome structure, protein structure and functions, virus hosts and receptors and molecular biology of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV). However, recent variation of RHDV has led difficulty in prevention and control, causing serious economic losses. The review will focus on molecular biology of RHDV in order to better understand its evolution and genetic variation.