目的 探讨转录激活因子3(ATF3)在尿道下裂组织中的表达及其与尿道下裂程度的关系.方法 收集28例尿道下裂组织.其中轻中度22例,重度6例,相应的正常环切包皮15例,采用免疫组化法检测ATF3的表达,分析蛋白阳性表达率.收集24例尿道下裂组织,其中轻中度8例,重度16例,对照为相应的正常环切包皮19例,采用RT-PCR法检测ATF3 mRNA的表达.结果 ATF3蛋白在尿道下裂组织中表达阳性率为85.7%(24/28),在正常包皮组织中的表达阳性率为13.3%(2/15),ATF3蛋自在尿道下裂组织中的表达阳性率明显高于在正常包皮组织中的表达.重度尿道下裂ATF3蛋白阳性率100%(6/6),高于轻中度尿道下裂中的表达,在轻中度尿道下列中的表达为81.8%(18/22).RT-PCR显示ATF3 mRNA表达在正常包皮组织、轻中度、重度尿道下裂组织中的相对累计光密度值比分别为(0.58±0.21)、(1.81±0.22)和(3.55±0.27),3组中的两两比较差异均有统计学意义.结论 ATF3在尿道下裂组织中的表达明显上调,且与尿道下裂的程度显著相关,提示ATF3可能是尿道下裂发生中的一个候选基因.%Objective To investigate the expression of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in hypospadias tissues and normal prepuce, and to find out its relationships to the degree of hypospadias. Methods The tissues from 28 patients with hypospadias, including 22 cases of mid-moderate style and 6 cases of severe style, and 15 normail penile skin tissue samples from elective circumcision as control were collected for Immunohistochemistry analysis to detect ATF3 protein expression. The tissues from 24 patients with hypospadias including 8 cases of mid-moderate style and 16 cases of severe style, and 19 normal penile skin tissue samples from elective circumcision as control were used for RT-PCR analysis to detect ATF3 mRNA expression. Results The positive expression rate of ATF3 in hypospadias tissues was 85.7% (24/28), which was higher than that in normal penile skin tissues 13.3% (2/15). There was a significant difference in the expression of ATF3 between mid-moderate(81.8%) and severe types of hypospadias. The ratio of IDV value of ATF3 mRNA in RT-PCR was (0.581±0.21), (1.813±0.22) and(3.547±0.27) in normal penile skin tissues, mid-moderate and severe style hypospadias respectively, which had obvious difference among three groups. Conclusion The results indicated that ATF3 is up-regulated in hypospadias tissues and associated with its pathological degree, which suggested that ATF3 might be a candidate gene in the development of hypospadias
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