The microclimate factors in walnut - wheat intercropping system were measured by using KS4000 handheld meteorological observation station and SUNSCAN Canopy Analysis System. The results showed that microclimate factors in wheat canopy of walnut - wheat intercropping system, such as the average wind speed, temperature, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and intercepted photosynthetically active radiation ( IPAR) decreased obviously, and relative humidity increased comparing with monoculture system of wheat. As well as the plant weight, grains per spike, grains weight per spike, harvest index, spike number per hectare, 1000 grains weight and wheat yield per unit decreased in walnut-wheat intercropping system. Consequently, although the walnut-wheat intercropping system improved the microclimate to some extent, walnut trees shade caused the intercepted photosynthetically active radiation rate lower. At last wheat yield of walnut - wheat intercropping system decreased ( P < 0. 05 ) comparing with monoculture system of wheat. Therefore, discussing on key meteorological factors in walnut-wheat intercropping system was help for taking adjustmeasures in field management.%利用KS4000手持气象站和SUNSCAN冠层分析系统,测定了核桃-小麦间作系统的田间小气候,并以单作田小麦为对照,对间作小麦的产量及其构成因素进行分析.结果表明,相对于单作田,核麦间作系统明显降低了小麦冠层的风速和温度,增大了小麦冠层的相对湿度,但核麦间作系统也明显降低了小麦冠层顶部入射的光合有效辐射量和冠层截获的光合有效辐射量；核麦间作系统小麦的生物量、穗粒数、穗粒重、收获指数、公顷穗数、千粒重和产量均显著低于单作系统(P＜0.05).可见,虽然核麦间作系统在一定程度上改善了田间小气候,但由于核桃树对小麦遮荫作用较大,光合有效辐射透过率较低,导致了间作小麦产量的显著降低(P＜0.05).因此,通过对核麦间作复合群体中主要气象因素变化特点的探讨,找出影响小麦生长的主要原因,有利于采取相应的栽培调控措施,优化间作群体结构.
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