Objective To compare the community disaster medical emergency management systems adopted in America , Japan, Australia and China so as to provide reference for the improvement of such a system in China. Methods The mechanisms, management, preventive measures and performance of each country's community medical emergency system were summarized and compared. Results Community emergency management, preventive measures and education were strongly emphasized in America, Japan and Australia. The organizational structure of the community medical emergency system in China was full of departmental and regional barriers and has become a mere formality. Its performance was not satisfactory due to immature management and operational mechanism as well as poor preventive measures. Conclusion It is urgent for China to strengthen its community disaster medical emergency system. China should draw experience from the three above countries and take into account our own situation to build a reasonable community medical emergency management system.%目的 探讨美国、日本、澳大利亚和中国社区灾害医学应急管理的政策和措施,为提高我国社区灾害医学应急能力提供参考.方法 归纳、总结和比较各国社区灾害医学应急机制、管理、防范措施和绩效.结果 美、日、澳三国注重基层社区灾害应急管理,预防和前期教育为主,有较完善的保障体系;我国社区医学应急管理结构条块分割,防灾工作流于形式,运行机制与管理不成熟,防范措施不够全面,绩效不理想.结论 我国社区灾害医学应急管理体系建设亟待加强.应借鉴三国的经验,同时结合我国国情,建立合理的社区灾害医学救援应急体系.
展开▼
