西藏地区结核病发病的分子遗传学研究进展

摘要

Tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis,which has a strong im-pact on human health. The incidence of the disease in China saw decline over recent years. However,the mycobacterium tubercu-losis tend to mutate and become drug resistance in Tibetan area due to high altitude hypoxia environment. The tuberculosis immuni-zation rate in Tibet area is low, which leads to the high incidence of tuberculosis in Tibet area and a rising trend year by year. Based on the unique characteristics of the Tibet area,the research of tuberculosis susceptibility and gene polymorphism in the area is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of tuberculosis in the area. The article summarizes the research de-velopment of molecular genetics in the Tibet area and hopes it can provide reference for the prevention and treatment of tuberculo-sis in the Tibet area.%结核病是由结核分枝杆菌感染引起的慢性传染病，长期以来严重影响人类的健康，我国近年发病呈下降趋势。西藏地区因高原缺氧环境易产生结核分枝杆菌变异而发生耐药，结核免疫接种率低，结核病的发病率仍然较高，并呈逐年上升趋势。基于西藏地区的特殊性，研究本地区结核病易感性和基因多态性对结核病的防控意义重大。本文总结了西藏地区结核病的分子遗传学研究进展，以期对西藏地区结核病的防治提供指导意义。