苯丙酮尿症患儿治疗状况及治疗依从性影响因素分析

摘要

Objective To analyze the treatment status of phenyl ketonuria( PKU)children and the factors influencing PKU children's compliance. Methods 95 PKU children who were screened out in Xingtai Materal and Child Health Hospital from April 2002 to December 2012 were enrolled in this study. Depending on whether the use of milk rescue project is divided in-to rescue group(27 cases),non-rescue group(68 cases). The PKU children's treatment status was investigated by reading medical records,on-site visits or telephone follow-up. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis andχ2 test were used to analyze the factors influencing PKU children' s treatment compliance. Results There was no significant difference in treatment rate between PKU children with different genders ( P >0. 05 ), but there was significant in different years ( P <0. 05). Mothers with educational levels of junior high school or lower〔OR=4. 107,95%CI(1. 153,14. 626)〕,family in-come below the average level〔OR=4. 798,95%CI(1. 357,16. 958)〕were risk factors influencing patients' treatment com-pliance. The treatment rate of rescue group was higher than that of non-rescue group(P<0. 05). Conclusion The treatment rate of PKU children,not associated with their genders,increases year by year. Family income,mothers' educational levels are important factors influencing PKU children's treatment compliance. Milk aid is an effective method to improve their treatment compliance.%目的：探讨影响苯丙酮尿症（ PKU）患儿的治疗现状，分析影响PKU患儿治疗依从性的因素。方法选取2002年4月-2012年12月在邢台市妇幼保健院新筛分中心筛查确诊的PKU患儿95例为研究对象，依据是否采用奶粉救助项目分为救助组（27例）、未救助组（68例）。采用查阅病历与上门访视或电话随访的方式对PKU患儿治疗状况进行调查，采用单因素及多因素Logistic回归法及χ2检验分析影响PKU患儿治疗依从性的因素。结果不同性别间PKU患儿治疗率比较，差异无统计学意义（ P>0.05）；不同年份间PKU患儿治疗率比较，差异有统计学意义（ P<0.05）。母亲初中及以下学历〔OR=4.107，95%CI（1.153，14.626）〕和家庭收入在平均水平以下〔OR=4.798，95%CI（1.357，16.958）〕是患儿治疗依从性低的危险因素（P<0.05）。救助组的治疗率高于未救助组（P<0.05）。结论 PKU患儿治疗率与患儿性别无关，治疗率呈逐年上升趋势；家庭收入、母亲学历是影响PKU患儿治疗依从性的重要因素；奶粉救助是提高患儿治疗依从性的一种行之有效的方法。