空气污染与儿童急性呼吸道病毒感染的相关性研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the relationship between air pollutants and respiratory virus infection in children hospitalized for acute respiratory infection( ARI). Methods The data of air quality monitoring in Shijiazhuang in Hebei Province from April 2014 to March 2015 were recorded,and children with respiratory viruses positive among child hospitalized for ARI in Hebei Children' s Hospital were enrolled. Correlation between air pollutants and lower respiratory tract infection in children was analyzed. Results The results of the monitoring on respiratory pathogens showed that RSV and PIV-3 were major viruses with detection rates of 25. 98% and 8. 52% respectively. During the survey,the average AQI,PM2. 5 and PM10 were all at a high level,with PM10 being the highest and PM2. 5 being the second highest. The concentration of AQI,PM2. 5,NO2 and SO2 had correlation with RSV infection,and the correlation between the concentration of PM2. 5 and RSV was the closest. AQI and concentration of air pollutants had no correlation with PIV-3 infection. Conclusion RSV and PIV-3 are major viral pathogens of ARI in children. Shijiazhuang has severe air pollution,and SO2 has correlation with the number of hospitalized patients. PM2. 5 has correlation with RSV infection. The concentration of air pollutants had no correlation with PIV-3 infection.%目的：了解空气污染与因急性呼吸道感染（ARI）住院患儿呼吸道病毒感染的相关性。方法实时记录河北省石家庄市2014年4月—2015年3月空气质量检测数据，并收集同期于河北省儿童医院因 ARI 住院的患儿中呼吸道病毒监测阳性者，分析空气污染物与儿童呼吸道病毒感染的相关性。结果呼吸道病原监测结果提示呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、副流感病毒3型（PIV-3）为最主要病毒，检出率分别为25.98％和8.52％。石家庄市调查期间空气质量指数（AQI）、PM2.5、PM10的平均值均处于较高水平；PM10浓度最高，PM2.5次之。AQI、PM2.5、NO2、SO2浓度与 RSV 感染具有相关性，其中 PM2.5浓度与 RSV 感染关系最为密切。AQI、空气污染物浓度与PIV-3感染无相关性。结论 RSV、PIV-3是儿童 ARI 的主要病原。石家庄市空气污染严重，SO2与住院例数有关，PM2.5与 RSV 感染密切相关，空气污染物浓度与PIV-3感染无相关性。