儿童牙科畏惧症影响因素分析研究

摘要

目的 分析儿童牙科畏惧症(CDF)的影响因素.方法 选取2014年5月—2015年8月在温州医科大学附属第三医院就诊的龋齿患儿340例,通过Frankl治疗依从性情况评估量化表将患儿分为CDF组(161例)和无CDF组(179例).制定CDF影响因素量化调查表,调查CDF影响因素.结果 两组性别、年龄、监护人情况、家庭经济情况、监护人牙科就诊经历、监护人CDF病史比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组独生子女情况、患儿牙科就诊经历、患儿CDF病史、父亲教育程度、母亲教育程度、生活环境、儿童自身气质类型、管理类型、分娩情况、身体发育情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,独生子女、患儿CDF病史、父亲教育程度(大学以下)、母亲教育程度(大学以下)、农村生活环境、抑郁质气质、溺爱抚养型、剖宫产及中等以下身体发育情况是CDF的危险因素(P<0.05);患儿牙科就诊经历、多血质气质、民主管理型是CDF的保护因素(P<0.05).结论 农村生活环境、抑郁质气质是CDF重要的危险因素;多血质气质、民主管理是CDF的保护因素.%Objective To analyze the influencing factors of children's dental fear (CDF) in a cohort of Chinese children.Methods A total of 340 children with dental caries who visited the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between May 2014 and August 2015,were enrolled in this study.The children were divided into two groups:a CDF group and a non-CDF group,based on the Frankl assessment scale of each child's disposition toward dental fear.We made a quantitative questionnaire for CDF influencing factors and investigated the influencing factors of CDF.Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in gender,age,guardian status,family financial background,dental clinical treatment of guardian,or CDF history of guardian(P>0.05).Significant differences were found between the groups in regards to number of siblings,previous dental treatment history and experience,overall CDF history,parental educational level, living environment,children's temperament type,supervisor's management type,birth by caesarean section,and physical development (P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis results demonstrated that only children,overall CDF history, paternal and maternal education levels (no college),living environment (rural),melancholic temperament,drowning type,birth by caesarean section,and below average physical development were all risk factors of CDF (P<0.05).Previous dental treatment history and experience,multiple blood quality and a democratic-style of parenting were found to be protective factors against CDF (P<0.05).Conclusion Rural living environment and melancholic temperament were significant risk factors of CDF;while a positive temperament and being raised in a democratic-style environment were found to be protective against CDF.