Objective:To analyse the clinical testing of pathogenic bacteria in elderly patients with respiratory tract infections.Methods:480 cases of elderly patients with respiratory tract infections in our hospital from June 2011 to January 2012 was selected,the patients natural spited in the early morning or disposable sterilized suction tube sucked out trachea deep sputum collected as specimens,then the specimen was placed in a sterilized container,and then send in the first time for the bacteria room susceptibility determination.Results:There were 460 strains of bacteria isolated,40 fungi,150 Gram-positive bacteria and 270 Gram-negative bacteria.Gram-positive cocci generally intolerant to vancomycin,and resistant to penicillin resistance rate of 70.0%-96.5%,was also resistant to clindamycin,but the differences in levels of resistance to 28.0%-95.0%.Mainly Gram-negative bacilli resistant to ceftriaxone rate of 48.9%-73.5%,the rate of more than 90% to ampicillin resistance.Conclusion:The Gram-negative bacilli was the mainly bacteria for elderly patients with respiratory tract infections,there are higher proportion of multi-drug resistant strains.The fungi is higher detection rate,and it is an upward trend.The antibiotics is rational use by susceptibility results obtained according to the clinical testing.% 目的：就老年呼吸道感染患者病原性细菌进行临床检验分析。方法：选取笔者所在医院2011年6月-2012年1月所收治的480例老年呼吸道感染患者作为研究对象，将患者在清晨自然咯出的或者采用一次性灭菌吸痰管吸出的气管深部痰液进行采集作为标本，然后将标本放置在灭菌容器内，然后在第一时间内送细菌室进行药敏测定。结果：所分离的460菌株细菌中，有40株为真菌，150株为革兰阳性菌，270株为革兰阴性菌。主要革兰阳性球菌普遍对万古霉素不耐受，而对青霉素耐药，耐药率达70.0%~96.5%，对克林霉素也耐药，但是耐药程度差别较大，为28.0%~95.0%。主要革兰阴性杆菌对头孢曲松的耐药率也达48.9%~73.5%，对氨苄西林耐药率达90%以上。结论：老年呼吸道感染患者以革兰氏阴性杆菌为主，多重耐药株比例较高；真菌的检出率较高，并且有上升趋势；临床应根据临床检验分析得出药敏结果合理选用抗生素。
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