Endoscopic retrograde cholangiocretography ( ERCP ) and routine cytology are general approaches for pre⁃oprative dignosis of suspected pancreatic duct cancer patients. Routine cytology is with high specificity and low sensitivity. The detection of ane⁃uploidy of 3/7/17 and loss of p16 by fluorescence in situ hybridization( FISH) has revolutionized how laboratories diagnose cholangio⁃carcinoma and pancreatic adenocarcinoma with increasing sensitivity and minimal decreases in clinical specificity. Although using FISH for diagnostic aim has been more than ten years in foreign, it has not applied to clinical diagnosis in China. Our hospital has promoted this technique and published an article in Chinese Journal of Pathology. However, many peers in other hospitals wonder detailed meth⁃ods and criterion of this technique, so we provide the information to detect pancreatobiliary cancers in FISH.%目前对于临床上怀疑为胰胆管癌的患者，主要通过内窥镜下逆行胰胆管造影术（ ERCP ）和细胞刷检进行术前诊断。细胞刷检病理诊断虽然特异度高，但灵敏度较低。采用荧光原位杂交（ FISH）方法检测胆管脱落细胞中3、7、17号染色体和p16缺失，可以作为临床胆管癌辅助鉴别诊断新的方法。此项技术虽然在国外的应用和研究已超过10年，但是我国尚未见应用于临床胰胆管癌的报道。我院已开展此项技术用于胰胆管癌的辅助诊断，并已发表相应的文章，但是很多希望开展此项技术的医院尚对此项技术的操作和判读存在疑问。本文详细讲解了运用FISH检测胆管脱落细胞中3、7、17号染色体和p16缺失来辅助诊断胰胆管癌的技术和判读方法。
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