充分湿润栽培与淹水栽培对设施土壤盐分影响的差异初探

摘要

In order to understand better the effect of different paddy-upland rotations on facility soil salinity, water logging with water cress and wettish with water dropwort planted in 2 facilities next to each other were conducted.Sampled 4 layers of soil with 10 cm as a unit, we tested and analyzed the soil EC value and anion and cation contents in soil layers.The result shows that wettish cultivation can obviously reduce the total salinity in 0-30 cm soil layers, and the decline degree was higher than that of water logging.While the soil salinity content in 30-40 cm layers was increased and stranded.After wettish cultivation treatment, the ions that vegetable absorbed little will infiltrate significantly,while NO3- as nutrient ion in main absorption layer of root system increases.The decline degree of K+ in 0-30 cm layers treated by wettish cultivation was obviously smaller than that treated by water logging cultivation.All these indicates that wettish cultivation has better reserve effect on nutrient ions absorbtion by vegetable crops.%为了比较充分湿润栽培与淹水栽培对设施土壤盐分迁移影响的差异，在相邻2个大棚中一个充分湿润种植湿栽水芹，另一个淹水种植豆瓣菜，以10 cm为单位分4层分别取土，测定试验前后0～40 cm各土层的土壤EC值和主要离子含量的变化。结果表明：充分湿润栽培能明显降低0～30 cm土层的总盐含量，且降幅高于淹水栽培；而30～40 cm深层土壤盐分含量有所上升，表明下渗盐分部分滞留在深层土壤。充分湿润栽培处理作物吸收量小的离子均有较大幅度下渗，而主要养分离子NO3-在作物根系主要吸收层反而上升，0～30 cm土层K+的下降幅度明显小于淹水栽培处理，说明充分湿润栽培对作物吸收量较大的养分离子具有较好的保留作用。