利用六氯环三磷腈与1-丁基咪唑通过季铵化反应，合成季铵盐氯化-1-丁基-3-五氯环三磷腈咪唑盐，进而通过置换反应将氯原子取代，合成了稳定、绿色环保的季铵化离子液体六氟磷酸-1-正丁基-3-五氯环三磷腈咪唑盐（HCCP-[nBuMI]PF6），并与氧化石墨烯作用，研究了自组装氧化石墨烯和离子液体对棉布的无氯阻燃效果。结果表明：复合材料的残炭率提高，最大热降解速率下降，热释放速率降低，总热释放速率降低，CO，CO2和烟气生成量均减少，复合材料的热稳定性和阻燃性能得到提升；离子液体HCCP-[nBuMI]PF6的阻燃效果更好，自组装在弱酸性条件下进行，高温处理可有效提高棉布的热稳定性，自组装的最佳层数为30层。%Hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene and 1-butyl imidazole were used to synthesize hyamine chloride-1-butyl-3-pentachlorocyclotriphosphazene via quaternization, which was to prepare quaternization ionic liquid, hexafluorophosphoric acid-1-n-butyl-3-pentachlorocyclotriphosphazene(HCCP-[nBuMI] PF6), by chloride atom substitution reaction. The product has been reacted with oxidized graphene to investigate the chloride-free flame retardant performance of cotton cloth composites influenced by self-assembly oxidized graphene and ionic liquid. The experimental results show that the carbon residue ratio of cotton cloth has increased, the maximum thermal degradation rate, heat release, total heat release, CO, CO2 and total smoke release have declined, which implies the increasing thermal stability and flame retardancy of the composites. Ionic liquid HCCP-[nBuMI]PF6 performs better in flame retardant performance. The self-assembly of the composites happens under acidulous conditions. The thermal stability of the composites is improved significantly by high temperature treatment. The optimal layers for self-assembly are 30.
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