时速400公里动车组的牵引系统主要顶层技术指标研究

摘要

为设计时速400公里动车组牵引系统,基于其牵引性能的要求,采用理论计算和仿真的方法研究牵引系统主要顶层技术指标.运行总阻力采用基于大西高铁综合试验数据确定的运行总阻力计算公式计算;按照在平直线路上动车组以速度400 km·h-1运行时仍具有0.05 m· s-2剩余加速度的要求等计算并提出总轮周功率为14 000 kW;基于对三电平结构和二电平结构牵引变流器主电路拓扑的技术分析,提出二电平架控方式的牵引变流器拓扑;按照6 500V/750 A型IGBT双管并联方式推算单辆动车的最大轮周功率,据此给出6M2T的整车动力配置方案;充分考虑黏着系数限制曲线、起动加速指标、牵引能力和电气制动能力的发挥及有关技术条件规定计算起动牵引力、恒转矩区电气制动力和恒功率转折点对应的速度.在郑徐客运专线条件下对建立的牵引系统仿真模型进行仿真验证.结果表明:所给出的牵引系统顶层技术指标设计合理,能够使时速400公里动车组在起动加速阶段加速快、恒速运行阶段速度波动小、制动停车阶段减速快.%According to the requirement of traction performance,theoretical calculation and simulation method are used to study the main top technical indexes of traction system to design the traction system for 400 km · h-1 EMU.The total running resistance is calculated using the resistance formula determined based on the comprehensive test data of Daxi high speed railway.According to the requirement of 0.05 m · s-2 residual acceleration for EMU at the speed of 400 km · h-1 on flat straight line,the total power at wheel rim is calculated and proposed to be 14 000 kW.Based on the main circuit topology technical analysis of two-level structure and three-level structure traction converters,the traction converter topology with two-level structure and bogie control is proposed.According to the 6 500 V/750 A IGBT double-pipe parallel mode,the maximum power at the wheel rim of single vehicle is calculated,based on which the power allocation scheme of 6M2T for the whole EMU is given.Fully considering the exertion of adhesion coefficient limit curve,starting acceleration indicator,traction capacity and electrical braking ability as well as relevant technical conditions,the starting traction force,the electric braking force of constant torque area and the speed corresponding to constant power turning point are calculated.The established simulation model of traction system is simulated under the conditions of Zheng-Xu passenger dedicated line.Results show that the proposed top technical indexes of traction system are reasonable,which can make 400 km · h-1 EMU accelerate fast in starting acceleration phase,fluctuate slightly in constant speed operation phase and decelerate rapidly in brake stop phase.