OBJECTIVE:To compare clinical efficacy,safety and economy of urokinase and alteplase each combined with Enoxaparin sodium in the treatment of acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS:80 STEMI pa-tients were randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 40 cases in each group. Both groups received Aspirin enteric-coated tablet for antiplatelet aggregation,and Clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate tablet for anticoagulation before thrombolysis. Control group were given urokinase 1 500 000 U added into 0.9% Sodium chloride injection 100 ml,ivgtt,within 30 min;given Enoxaparin sodium injection 7 500 U intramuscularly 12 h after thrombolysis,for 3-5 d. Observation group was given Enoxaparin sodium 60 U/kg,ivgtt,1 mg/ml Alteplase for injection 8 ml with intravenous push,other 42 ml ivgtt within 90 min;continued to receive Enoxaparin sodium with 12 U/(kg·h)micro-pump for 48 h,followed by Low molecular weight heparin calcium injection 5 000 U intramuscularly,bid,for consecutive 5 d. Clinical efficacy of 2 groups were observed,and thrombolytic recanalization situa-tion were observed 30,60,90 and 120 min after thrombolysis. ECG,cost-effectiveness and ADR were also observed. RESULTS:The effective rate of observation group(92.50%)was significantly higher than that of control group(85.00%). The rates of throm-bolytic recanalization in observation group 60,90 and 120 min after thrombolysis were significantly higher than in control group, with statistical significance(P<0.05). Q wave time,Qwave/Rwave and ST segment deviation of observation group after treatment were significantly lower than those of control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). The total hospitalization cost of obser-vation group was significantly higher than that of control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05);there was no statistical sig-nificance in effective rate and the per unit cost of thrombolytic recanalization rate (P>0.05). The incidence of ventricular aneu-rysm,pericardial effusion,heart failure or cardiac shock,angina pectoris after infarction,severe arrhythmia,death and other as-pects in observation group were significantly lower than in control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Alteplase and enoxaparin thrombolysis therapy is better than urokinase and enoxaparin for STMEI in respects of clinical efficacy, and thrombolytic recanalization with less ADR and better safety;urokinase is cheaper and better than alteplase in cost-effectiveness ratio. Both of them can be used after careful consideration.%目的：比较阿替普酶与尿激酶分别联合依诺肝素钠治疗急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死（STEMI）的临床疗效、安全性和经济性。方法：将80例STEMI患者按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组，各40例。两组患者均给予阿司匹林肠溶片抗血小板聚集、硫酸氢氯吡格雷片抗凝的溶栓前治疗。对照组患者采用注射用尿激酶150万U加入0.9％氯化钠注射液100 ml中，30 min内ivgtt，溶栓开始后12 h，给予依诺肝素钠注射液7500 U，qd，肌内注射，持续3～5 d；观察组患者采用依诺肝素钠60 U/kg，ivgtt，给予1 mg/ml注射用阿替普酶8 ml静脉注射，其余42 ml在90 min内ivgtt，然后继续给予依诺肝素钠以12 U/（kg·h）微量泵泵入48 h，48 h后改为低分子肝素钙注射液5000 U，肌内注射，bid，连用5 d。观察两组患者临床疗效，溶栓后30、60、90、120 min时的血管再通情况，以及心电图、成本-效果和不良反应发生情况。结果：观察组患者的临床总有效率（92.50％）明显高于对照组（85.00％），观察组患者溶栓后60、90、120 min血管再通率均明显高于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组患者治疗后的Q波时间、Q波/R波和ST段偏移均明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。观察组患者住院总费用明显高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；但两组患者的临床有效率和血管再通率的单位效果所需花费成本比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。观察组患者室壁瘤、心包积液、心衰或心源性休克、梗死后心绞痛、严重心律失常、死亡等发生率明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：阿替普酶联合依诺肝素钠溶栓治疗STEMI的临床疗效和血管再通率均优于尿激酶联合依诺肝素钠，溶栓后不良反应更少，安全性更高，但尿激酶价格低廉，成本-效果比优于阿替普酶，临床可权衡使用。
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