5α还原酶抑制剂联用α受体阻断剂对老年良性前列腺增生下尿路症状的效果及护理要点

摘要

目的 探讨5α还原酶抑制剂联合α受体阻断剂治疗老年良性前列腺增生(benign prostatic hyperplasia,BPH)下尿路症状(lower urinary tract symptoms,LUT)的临床疗效及护理要点.方法 选取医院收治的老年BPH患者162例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,各81例.两组均采用5α还原酶抑制剂联合α受体阻断剂治疗,疗程均为6周,治疗期间对照组给予常规护理,观察组在对照组护理基础上给予细节护理.治疗前后采用国际前列腺症状评分量表(IPSS)进行评分,并记录两组患者行尿流速检查的情况及残余尿量,统计不良事件发生情况,总结护理要点.结果 两组患者的IPSS评分、最大尿流率及残余尿量均较治疗前显著下降,且观察组IPSS及残余尿量下降程度明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组不良反应发生率为14.08%,明显高于观察组的3.90%(P<0.05).结论 5α还原酶抑制剂联合α受体阻断剂治疗老年BPH下尿路症状疗效显著,临床还需结合患者治疗期间的头晕头痛及心理素质、生活习惯等情况采取相应护理措施,以减少不良反应,提高疗效.%Objective To investigate the clinical effect of 5α reductase inhibitors combined with α receptor blockers in treating lower urinary tract symptoms(LUT)in elderly patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH)and its main nursing points. Methods Totally 162 elderly patients with BPH in our hospital were selected and divided into the control group and the experimental group by the ran-dom number table method,81 cases in each group. The two groups were treated with 5α reductase inhibitors combined with α receptor blockers for 6 weeks. During the treatment,the control group was given routine nursing,and on the basis,the observation group were given detail nursing. International prostate symptom scores(IPSS)were used before and after treatment. The urine flow rate and residual urine volume in the two groups were recorded,the incidence of adverse events was statistically analyzed,and the main nursing points were summarized. Results The IPSS scores,maximum urine flow rate and residual urine volume of two groups decreased significantly after treatment,and those in the experimental group decreased significantly than those in the control group(P < 0. 05). The incidence rate of adverse reactions in the control group was 14. 08%,which was significantly higher than 3. 89% in the experimental group (P < 0. 05). Conclusion 5α reductase inhibitors combined with α receptor blockers is significantly effective in the treatment of LUT in elderly patients with BPH. In clinical practice,nursing measures should be taken according to patients′ dizziness,headache,mental quality and life style to reduce adverse reactions and improve the curative effect.