偏置出油阀实心柱塞小排量抽油泵

摘要

To address the common issues of low-production oil wells like unbalanced supply and output, low pump efficiency and low system efficiency, a small-displacement subsurface pump with offset outlet valve and solid plunger has been developed.The pump has an enhanced structural strength with solid plunger and the mobility of the pumping oil with offset outlet valve.The outlet valve is located at the highest point of pump chamber when the plunger is at the bottom dead center, which is preferable for discharge of gas and high gas liquid and pump efficiency improvement.The offset arrangement of the outlet allows the pump to accommodate the wellhead diameter of conventional well.In the field test, comparing to the pump with API minimum pump diameter (32 mm), the pump delivered an improved pump efficiency of about 10%, a reduced load by about 45%, a reduced peak load, more uniform dynamometer with less fluctuation and significantly reduced power.The results proved that the small-displacement pump with offset outlet valve and solid plunger has significant effect on pump efficiency improvement and polished rod load reduction.%为解决低产油井普遍存在的供采不平衡、泵效及系统效率低的问题,研制了偏置出油阀实心柱塞小排量抽油泵.该泵采用实心柱塞结构,出油阀偏置于泵轴线,原油进泵流道平直,增强了抽油泵的结构强度和进泵原油的流动性.柱塞下死点时出油阀位于泵腔最高处,有利于泵腔内气体及高含气液体的排出和泵效的提高.出油孔的非均匀布置使该泵能够适应普通油井的井口直径.现场试验中,该泵相对于API最小泵径(32 mm)的泵效提高约10%,液体载荷减小约45%,载荷峰值减小,示功图波动平缓,功率也大幅降低.这说明偏置出油阀实心柱塞小排量抽油泵对泵效的提高和悬点载荷的减小有着显著作用,对油田的节能降耗有着重要的意义.