高闪点环氧脂肪酸酯增塑剂合成研究

摘要

Using refined waste oil and fatty acid methyl ester as raw materials,hydrogen peroxide as oxygen-supply body and formic acid as oxygen-carrier,the epoxy fatty acid ester product with flash point above 191 ℃ was obtained by epoxidation reaction,and the product with flash point above 195 ℃ was produced with α-Al2O3 · H2O as catalyst.The product met the quality requirements of industry epoxy fatty acid methyl ester after performance measurement.Compared with traditional synthesis method of epoxy fatty acid methyl ester,the dosage of formic acid reduced in the process,the reaction time shortened and the production cost diminished by adding a certain amount of refined waste oil.The optimal synthesis conditions were obtained by experiment as follows:total amount of refined waste oil (80 g) and fatty acid methyl ester 200 g,formic acid 8 g,α-Al2O3 · H2O catalyst 0.005 mol,dropping 70 g hydrogen peroxide at 55 ℃ for 60 min,epoxidation temperature 75 ℃ and reaction time 4.5 h.Under the optimal conditions,the epoxy fatty acid ester showed light yellow and transparent appearance with color number 150,and its acid value,epoxy value and flash point were 0.14 mgKOH/g,4.53％ and above 195 ℃,respectively.%以精制地沟油和脂肪酸甲酯为原料、双氧水为供氧体、甲酸为氧栽体,经环氧化反应得到闪点在191℃以上的环氧脂肪酸酯产品.在α-单水氧化铝的催化下合成了闪点在195℃以上的产品.该产品经应用性能测定,符合工业环氧脂肪酸甲酯的质量指标要求.与传统环氧脂肪酸甲酯合成工艺比较,减少了甲酸用量,缩短了反应时间,因添加了一定量的精制地沟油而降低了成本.实验获得的最佳合成工艺条件为:在精制地沟油(80 g)与脂肪酸甲酯共200 g时,甲酸8 g,α-单水氧化铝0.005 mol,在55℃、60 min滴加70 g双氧水,环氧化温度75℃,环氧化时间4.5h.所得环氧脂肪酸酯呈浅黄色透明状,色度150号,酸值(KOH)为0.14 mg/g,环氧值为4.53％,闪点高于195℃.