2012 offshore hydrocarbon exploration in China has abided by a guiding principle to look for giant and major fields, and there was a continuous growth in exploration expenditure and activities, based on which a higher success ratio of exploration was continuously kept, and the best historical achievements were again created in the self-operated exploration, by means of hard basic and regional studies, knowledge innovation and technology progress. Among the achievements, two oilfields in large size, Penglai 9-1 and Qinhuangdao 29-2, and a giant gasfield, Dongfang Block 13, were discovered respectively in Bohai water and in the western South China Sea, resulting in another historical peak of the accumulated Grade Ⅲ geologic reserves of the new discovered oil and gas. In this paper, the main achievements and characteristics in 2012 hydrocarbon exploration offshore China are summarized, the main reasons to make the exploration breakthroughs are analyzed, the major problems and challenges occurred in the current exploration are indicated and the next step of exploration is considered.%2012年中国海域油气勘探坚持以寻找大中型油气田为指导思想,在勘探投入和勘探工作量持续增长的基础上,通过扎实的基础研究和区域研究,依靠认识创新和技术进步,继续保持了较高的勘探成功率,自营勘探再次创造了历史最好成绩,其中渤海发现了蓬莱9-1和秦皇岛29-2两个大型油田,南海西部发现了东方13区大型气田,累计新发现石油和天然气三级地质储量再创历史新高.文中总结了2012年中国海域油气勘探主要成果及特点,分析了勘探取得突破的主要原因,指出了当前勘探面临的主要问题和挑战,并对下一步勘探工作进行了思考.
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