Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and acting mechanism of mometasone furoate on the children with perennial allergic rhinitis. Methods A total of 178 children with perennial allergic rhinitis treated in our hospital were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group, with 89 patients in each group. The experi-mental group received intranasal inhalation of mometasone furoate and the control group received oral administration of loratadine. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. The rhinitis symptom scores and children's rhinoconjunctivitis related quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ) scores of the two groups before and after treatment were compared, and the serum interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-5 (IL-5) levels of both groups were detected. Results After 4 weeks of treatment, the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group in the nasal congestion, nasal itching, throat itching and total symptom scores (P<0.05), and was also lower than the control group in the RQLQ scores such as nasal symptom, practical problem, other symptom and total scores (P<0.05). The experimental group had significantly higher IL-2 level and significantly lower IL-4 and IL-5 levels than the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion Mometasone furoate can effectively control the clinical symptoms of children with perennial allergic rhinitis and has better overall efficacy than oral loratadine; its acting mechanism may be related to the regulation of Th1 and Th2 cell imbalance.%目的：探讨糠酸莫米松对小儿常年变应性鼻炎的临床疗效及作用机制。方法将我院就诊的178例常年变应性鼻炎患儿随机分为试验组和对照组各89例，试验组鼻内吸入糠酸莫米松，对照组口服氯雷他定，两组均治疗4周。比较两组患儿治疗前后鼻炎症状积分和儿童鼻结膜炎相关生活质量问卷(RQLQ)评分，并检测两组患儿血清白细胞介素-2(IL-2)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白细胞介素-5(IL-5)水平。结果治疗4周后，试验组鼻塞、鼻痒、咽痒以及总症状积分明显低于对照组(P<0.05)，鼻部症状、实际问题、其他症状以及总积分等RQLQ评分也明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组IL-2水平显著高于对照组，IL-4、IL-5水平显著低于对照组，两组间相比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论糠酸莫米松能够有效控制小儿常年变应性鼻炎的临床症状，总体疗效优于口服氯雷他定；其作用机制可能与调节Th1和Th2细胞失衡有关。
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