北极的战略意义及油气资源开发

摘要

北极拥有丰富生物资源和油气等矿产资源,随着全球气候变暖,地球整体海面水位的上升、可利用的海域不断增大,使得在北极海域建立航线成为可能.北极航线将对全球政治、经济及社会产生重要影响,由此引起北极圈国家和非北极圈在内的国际社会的广泛关注,更成为美国和俄罗斯等大国角力的地区之一.本文重点介绍了北极的战略意义、北极油气资源勘探开发现状、前景与挑战以及北极对中国的意义.%The Arctic is rich in biological resources ,besides there are oil and gas and other mineral resources .With the global warming ,the rising global sea levels and the increasing available sea areas make it possible to establish routes in the Arctic .The Arctic route have a significant political ,economic and social impact on the whole world .As a result ,it causes the widespread concerns of the international community , including the Arctic countries and non-Arctic circles ,and it has also become one of the areas w restled by big powers such as the United States and Russia .This article highlights the strategic significance of the Arctic , the current status ,prospects and challenges of the Arctic oil and gas exploration and development ,and the significance of the Arctic to China .