Objective:To determine the cause of onychomadesis in children. Methods:Clinical features of onychomadesis in 156 children were retrospectively analysed to determine the causes of the disease. Results:89.1% of the children had hand-foot-mouth disease, 1.92% had a contact with hand-foot-mouth disease pa￣tients, 3.2% had herpes anginosus in 2 months before the onset of loss of the nails. During the period of the disease, 3.2% of the children had mild anemia and 38.64% had abnormal trace elements. All the patients re￣covered from the disease with a growth of new nails within 2 months. Conclusion:Onychomadesis is a long-term complication of infectious diseases such as foot and mouth disease, or herpes angina. Onychomadesis is a self-limited disease,with a course of about two months.%目的：：确定小儿脱甲症的病因。方法：对156例脱甲症患儿临床特点和实验室检查结果进行了回顾性分析。结果：脱甲2个月前,156例患儿中89.1％有手足口病史,1.92％有手足口病接触史,3.2％疱疹性咽峡炎感染史；脱甲时,患儿无肝肾功能及心肌酶谱异常,3.2％有轻度贫血,38.64％有微量元素异常；所有患儿2个月后长出正常甲。结论：脱甲症是手足口病、疱疹性咽峡炎等感染性疾病的远期并发症,有自限性,一般病程约2个月。
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