Human fecal mierobiota transplantation (FMT) has been used in modern Western medicine for at least 50 years. However, we reported more than 1,700-year literary evidence of human FMT in China. As a means of special organ transplantation, FMT has been used to treat numerous disorders like clostridium difficile infection, antibiotic-associated diarrhea, inflammatory bowel diseases, irritable bowel syndrome, the metabolic syndrome, neurode-velopmental disorders and degenerative diseases, autoimmune intestinal diseases, food allergic diseases and others. Up to now, there have been thousands of patients underwent FMT. The present review should be the first Chinese literature which translated the FMT and introduced the definition, historical view, present and future of the FMT.%人类粪菌移植(FMT)在西方现代医学中的应用有50余年,但是,最近证明并报道其在中国的应用至少有1700年的历史.目前,粪菌移植已被视为一种特殊的器官移植,用于治疗人难辨梭状芽胞杆菌感染、抗生素相关性腹泻、炎症性肠病、肠易激综合征、代谢综合征、神经发育不良与神经退行性疾病、自身免疫性肠病、肠道食物过敏等.迄今,全世界已有数千例患者接受粪菌移植治疗.本文首次中国期刊翻译粪菌移植,并全面介绍其定义、医学史、现状、临床策略和未来.
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