目的 探讨清解活血汤对牛血清白蛋白诱导的视网膜血管炎的治疗作用.方法 用牛血清白蛋白与弗试佐剂足底皮内注射及牛血清白蛋白玻璃体腔注射制作青紫蓝兔自身免疫性视网膜血管炎模型.模型动物分为阳性对照组、空白对照组、中药高剂量组、中药低剂量组；分别予地塞米松肌肉注射,生理盐水、高剂量中药及低剂量中药灌胃.观察各组实验兔的眼底表现和组织形态变化情况.结果 空白对照组的眼底改变主要有视网膜水肿、出血,静脉呈节段状粗大迂曲,视盘水肿,视网膜色素紊乱等.病理学检查见视网膜血管区域大量红细胞及炎性细胞,感光细胞层排列紊乱,RPE细胞色素增多、迁移或团簇,晚期神经纤维层局灶性坏死,感光细胞层缺失中断.其余各治疗组的眼底表现和病理切片结果好于空白对照组,中药高剂量组的视网膜损害最小.结论 牛血清白蛋白诱导兔自身免疫性视网膜血管炎可作为一种良好的模型供将来研究使用.清解活血汤能有效控制模型动物的视网膜出血及炎症反应,高剂量药物的效果最好.%OBJECTIVE To discuss the therapeutic effect of Qingjie Huoxue Decoction on retinal vasculitis induced by bovine serum albumin. METHODS Injected bovine serum albumin and complete Freund's adjuvant through hypodermic medication and intravenous injection of bovine serum albumin in order to build the model of autoimmune retinal vasculitis on pigmented rabbits. The experimental rabbits were divided into positive control group, normal control group, high-dose and low-dose Chinese herbal medicine group. RESULTS Ophthalmoscopic studies indicated that fundus changes were retinal hemorrhage, edema, thick and tortuous like segment veins, optic disc swelling and retinal pigment disorder on the rabbits in normal control group. A large number of red blood cells, inflammatory cells and the disorganized photoreceptor cells were observed on retinal vessel area by light and electron microscopy. Meantime RPE cytochrome increased, migrated, formed group or clustered. The late histopathological changes were focal necrosis of nerve fiber layer and the lack of or break off of the photoreceptor cells. The fundus changes and histopathological changes had been improved in the rest groups, especially in high-dose Chinese herbal medicine group. CONCLUSIONS Autoimmune retinal vasculitis in rabbit was a reliable animal model in eye disease research. Qingjie Huoxue Decoction could effectively control retinal hemorrhage and the inflammatory reaction, especially with high-dose Chinese herbal medicine.
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