脑卒中高危人群颈动脉超声表现及因素调查分析

摘要

Objective In clinic, the research of high-risk factors is of a certain help to the diagnosis and prevention of stroke, the high-risk patients were given carotid artery ultrasonic examination, and their ultrasonic manifestations and rele-vant high-risk factors were given clinical analysis and survey. Methods 588 cases of high-risk patients with stroke treated in our hospital from February 2015 to July 2015 were selected and were given carotid artery ultrasonic examination, and the high-risk patients with stroke were surveyed by collecting history and questionnaire. And the high-risk factors of 500 cases of stroke patients were comprehensively analyzed, and the carotid artery ultrasonic manifestations and their high-risk factors of 588 cases were compared. Results The ultrasonic examination results showed that there were 254 cases of male high-risk patients and 334 cases of female high-risk patients, the carotid artery ultrasonic manifestation of high-risk patients with stroke showing intima thickening was in 89 cases, the carotid artery ultrasonic manifestation showing atheromatous plaque was in 210 cases, the carotid artery ultrasonic manifestation showing carotid artery stenosis was in 113 cases, with the in-crease of the age, the blood sugar level became higher, the smoking history became longer and the risk of stroke became higher, and the results had statistical significance, P<0.05. Conclusion The comprehensive survey of high-risk patients with stroke shows that the carotid artery ultrasonic manifestations are intima thickening, atheromatous plaque and carotid artery stenosis, the high-risk factors are age, smoking history, blood sugar level, blood pressure and heart valve diseases, and the research of high-risk factors provides clinical data for the prevention of stroke of high-risk population.%目的：临床上高危因素的研究对于诊断和预防脑卒中有一定临床帮助，对高危患者进行颈动脉超声检查，对其超声表现及相关高危因素进行临床分析和调查。方法在2015年2月—7月期间，该院选取588例脑卒中高危患者，对其进行颈动脉超声检查，采取收集病史和调查问卷结合的方式对脑卒中高危患者进行调查。综合分析500例脑卒中患者的高危因素，比较588例高危人群的颈动脉超声表现及其高危因素。结果588例脑卒中高危人群接受超声检查结果显示，男性高危患者为254例，女性高危患者为334例；脑卒中高危患者颈动脉超声表现为内膜增厚的患者为89例，超声表现为粥样斑块的患者为210例，超声表现为颈动脉狭窄的患者为113例；患者年龄越大，血糖水平越高，吸烟史越长，患者脑卒中的危险性越高，结果具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过对脑卒中高危患者进行综合调查，颈动脉超声表现为内膜增厚、粥样斑块、动脉狭窄，高危因素有年龄、吸烟史、血糖水平、血压、心脏瓣膜疾病，高危因素的研究为高危人群预防脑卒中提供临床资料。