浅谈铸造激冷系统的设计及冷铁标准化

摘要

The design of casting chilling system is an important part in the design of casting process.It has great influence on the quality of castings.A reasonable chilling system can effectively prevent or reduce casting defects including shrinkage,porosity,cracking,sticking of the castings,and metallographic abnormalities.The standardized design and management of cold iron is conducive to obtaining qualified and high-quality castings,ensuring the quality of castings,improving the casting yield and production efficiency,and reducing production costs.The design methods,misunderstandings and design flaws of various chilling system as well as standardization of cold iron applications in the design of ferrous metal casting process have been highlighted,including the design and prevention of metal cold iron,graphite cold iron,chilled sand,chilled paint,and forced cooling system.It can provide experience and reference for the industry.%铸造激冷系统的设计是铸造工艺设计中的重要环节,它对铸件的质量影响很大,合理的激冷系统可有效防止或减小铸件产生缩孔、缩松、裂纹、粘砂及金相组织异常等铸造缺陷.而冷铁的标准化设计与管理有利于获得合格、优质铸件,保证铸件质量,提高铸件成品率及生产效率,降低生产成本.重点介绍了黑色金属铸造工艺设计中各种外激冷系统的设计方式、设计误区、设计缺陷及冷铁应用标准化,包括金属冷铁、石墨冷铁、激冷砂、激冷涂料及强制冷却系统等设计及预防措施,可为业内同行提供经验及参考.