文章旨在通过正交设计研究不同添加剂对青贮稻草秸秆养分的影响,从而筛选出稻草秸秆的最优青贮添加剂组合.试验设计不同的青贮发酵菌种、纤维分解酶及碳源物质作为青贮稻草秸秆的添加剂,取青贮期第30天的青贮稻秸进行营养成分测定,通过正交分析筛选出最适合稻草青贮的添加剂组合.结果发现,碳源对干物质和粗蛋白质的含量影响最大,且均以葡萄糖水平最优;纤维分解酶对干物质含量的影响次于碳源,其中纤维素酶水平最优;不同添加剂对中性洗涤纤维(NDF)的影响碳源＞纤维分解酶＞菌种,而对酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的影响纤维分解酶＞碳源＞菌种,且碳源和纤维分解酶中以麸皮和黑曲霉水平最优,而菌种各水平对青贮稻秸营养成分的影响均值相同.综上所述,当需要降低青贮稻草秸秆中纤维含量时选用麸皮和黑曲霉;当需要提高青贮稻草秸秆中粗蛋白质含量时,葡萄糖和纤维素酶效果较好.%This experiment was conducted to study the combined effects of the microbial agent,cellulolytic enzymes and the carbohydrate source on the nutrition of rice straw silage through orthogonal test to achieve the optimal combination of these 3 additives for rice straw silage. 3 microbial agents,3 kinds of cellulolytic enzymes and 3 carbohydrate sources were as the additive for the preparation of silage. Samples taken at 30thwere also used to determine the nutritive values to analyze the optimal combination. For dry matter and crude protein content,the influence of carbohydrate sources was greatest with best effect in glucose groups. The influence of cellulolytic enzymes was inferior than carbohydrate source and aspergillus niger supplement was better. For NDF content,the order of three type of additives were carbohydrate sources,cellulolytic enzymes and microbial agents. For ADF content,the order of three type of additives were cellulolytic enzymes,carbohydrate sources and microbial agents,whereas there is no difference among the effects of microbial agents on silage nutrition. In summary, the wheat bran and aspergillus niger could be used to decrease fiber content in rice straw silage, whereas glucose and cellulose could be chosen for the improvement of crude protein content.
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