氧化石墨烯的水环境行为及其生物毒性

摘要

As a special graphene derivative, graphene oxide features unique properties and broad applicability in a wide range of industrial areas. However, due to its high hydrophilicity and surface reactivity, its fate and environmental risks to aquatic organisms in the environment have drawn considerable attention worldwide recently. Therefore, more knowledge regarding the aquatic behaviors and ecological effects of graphene oxide is of great importance to guide its future application and recovery. In this context, this review summarized a list of literature concerning the fate of graphene oxide in the environment, including dispersion/aggregation, adsorption, and reduction of graphene oxide, as well as its toxicity to a variety of aquatic organisms, such as zooplanktons and fishes.Accordingly, this paper discussed some challenges and prospects of its use on future studies.%氧化石墨烯是一类石墨烯衍生物，性质独特，应用广泛，生产量急剧增加，其环境风险日益引起关注。氧化石墨烯具有高亲水性和表面活性，在水中易分散，易随水流发生迁移转化，可能对水环境和水生生物造成不利影响。因此，明确氧化石墨烯的水环境行为及其生态效应，对于正确理解和评估其环境风险，合理规划其使用和回收具有重要意义。目前，该领域的研究涵盖了氧化石墨烯在水环境中的分散/团聚、吸附、还原、降解、沉积等行为，及对微生物、浮游动物、藻类和鱼类等水生生物的毒性表现。本文综述了相关研究成果，分析了当前研究面临的挑战并展望其研究前景。