有机磷农药对锯齿新米虾的毒性及敏感性分析

摘要

Neocaridina denticulatewas used as a test organism to investigate the acutetoxicity of 4daysand chronic toxicity of 28days forfive organophosphorus pesticides. Results showed that the 96h-LC50 values toNeocaridina denticulatewere 34.100, 846.408, 7.736, 4.132 and 1606.875µg/L for dichlorvos, malathion, parathion, methyl- parathionand dimethoate, respectively. The 28d NOEC values of dichlorvos, malathion, parathion, methyl-parathionand dimethoatewas 0.991, 7.755, 0.269, 0.222 and 100µg/L, respectively, and the 28d LOEC was 1.388, 15.200, 0.404, 0.333 and 200µg/L, respectively.Neocaridina denticulate was more sensitive to dichlorvos followed by parathionand dimethoate, and less sensitive tomethyl-parathion and malathion. The results in this study would provide a scientific foundation for establishing theaquatic lifecriteria and performing the environment risk assessment for fiveorganophosphoruspesticidesin China.%以锯齿新米虾为受试生物,研究了敌敌畏、马拉硫磷、对硫磷、甲基对硫磷和乐果5种有机磷农药对锯齿新米虾(Neocaridina denticulate)暴露时间为4d的急性毒性和28d的慢性毒性.结果表明,敌敌畏、马拉硫磷、对硫磷、甲基对硫磷和乐果对锯齿新米虾的96h半数致死浓度(96h-LC50)分别为34.100,846.408,7.736,4.132,1606.875µg/L.28d 无可观测效应浓度(NOEC)分别为0.991,7.755,0.269,0.222,100µg/L.28d最低可见效应浓度(LOEC)分别为1.388,15.200,0.404,0.333,200µg/L.锯齿新米虾对乐果和对硫磷相对不敏感,对马拉硫磷和甲基对硫磷不敏感,对敌敌畏较敏感.研究结果可为5种有机磷农药的水生生物基准的制定及环境风险评估提供科学依据.