湖泊理论藻源内负荷估算方法研究

摘要

Water quality index such as CODCr,CODMn,TP,and TN were selected to characterize theory algae derived loading,extracellular loading,and algae derived intracellular loading to set up estimation method system of algae derived loading under the simulation of two temperatures and 3 nutrition levels conditions.Results showed that average ATP of 5species kept increasing with nutrition level rising.Meanwhile the theory algae derived TN loading ATN was basically negative.ACODCr and ACODMn kept increasing withnutrition level rising.Algae derived extracellular TP loading ETP,extracellular TN loading ETN,extracellular CODCr loading ECODCr,and extracellular CODMn loading ECODMn kept dropping with nutrition level rising.Algae derived intracellular TP loading BTP,extracellular TN loading BTN,extracellular CODCr loading BCODCr,and extracellular CODMn loading BCODMn kept increasing withnutrition level rising.Results showed that theory algae derived loading was correlation with algae density significantly.Contribution to water quality of TP and COD loading waslarger.It was in the range of 0.2～3.7 times.That of TN was negative.The percentage of declining was in the range of 26％～58％.During the process of algae growth the "extra" loading of the total amount of system material was produced.It was an important reason for the water quality indicators,especially the increase of COD.This estimation method would be an important scientific basis on waterbloom control and quantitative reduction of eutrophication lakes.%在模拟不同温度和营养条件下,采用水质指标CODCr、CODMn、TP、TN表征湖泊典型藻类藻源内负荷、胞外负荷、胞内负荷,形成理论藻源内负荷理论估算的方法体系.5种藻源TP负荷ATP均值随贫、中和富营养水平升高而升高,藻源TN负荷ATN为负值,藻源CODcr负荷ACODCr随营养水平升高而显著升高.藻源胞外TP负荷ETP、TN负荷ETN、CODCr负荷ECODCr、CODMn负荷ECODMn均随营养水平升高而降低,藻源胞内TP负荷BTP、TN负荷BTN、CODcr负荷BCODCr和CODMn负荷BCODMn总体随随营养水平升高而升高.根据藻源内负荷与藻密度显著相关关系,确定了藻源内负荷计算模型.藻源TP和COD在稳定期对水质的贡献均较大,为0.2～3.7倍,藻源TN内负荷对水质的贡献为负,减少的比例在26％～58％之间.本研究表明,藻类在增殖过程中产生了超出系统物质总量的“额外”负荷,这些藻源内负荷是引起水质指标,特别是COD异常升高的重要原因.该估算方法为富营养化湖泊水华的定量削减控制提供科学依据.