采用生长速度法研究了黑龙江省马铃薯黑痣病菌菌丝生长的条件、黑痣病菌的生物学特性及菌丝融合群情况,为病害的防治提供理论依据.结果表明,黑痣病病菌菌丝的适宜生长条件为25～30℃,低温情况下生长速度缓慢且在5℃不生长;最适合生长的pH值为7;黑暗环境更适合黑痣病病菌的生长;在本试验的几种碳源中,最利于病菌生长的是可溶性淀粉,在本试验的几种氮源中,最有利于病菌生长的是酵母粉.从黑龙江省7个马铃薯主产区采集马铃薯黑痣病样品100份,融合群测定结果表明,这些菌株分别属于AG-8、AG-6、AG-5、AG-4、AG-1-IC、AG-3和AG-1-IA融合群,其中AG-1-IA群有8个菌株,AG-1-IC群有13个菌株,AG-3群有10个菌株,AG-4群有20个菌株,AG-5群有17个菌株,AG-6群有10个菌株,AG-8群有14个菌株,其中AG-4为优势菌群.黑龙江省的马铃薯黑痣病菌融合群分布比较复杂,同一地点可能出现不同的融合群,同一融合群也会在不同的地区出现.%The biological characteristics and anastomosis groups of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn from potato in Heilongjiang were studied by growth rate method to provide theoretical basis for disease prevention and treatment..The results showed that the suitable growth conditions of mycelium is 25-30 ℃,the growth rate was slowly at low temperature and was not grow at 5 ℃;and the most suitable for growth of pH value was 7;The dark environment was more suitable for the growth of Rhizoctonia solani;among the carbon sources tested,soluble starch was more conducive to the growth of Rhizoctonia solani,among the nitrogen sources tested,yeast powder was more favorable for the growth of mycelium.100 samples of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn from potato were collected from seven potato producing areas in Heilongjiang province,and the results showed that these samples belong to AG-8,AG-6,AG-5,AG-4,AG-1-IC,AG-3 and AG-1-IA,there were 8 strains in AG-1-IA group,13 strains in AG-1-IC group,10 strains in AG-3 group,20 strains in AG-4 group,17 strains in AG-5 group,10 strains in AG-6 group,14 strains in AG-8 group,among them,AG-4 was the major anastomosis group.The study showed that the cluster distribution of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn from potato was more complex in Heilongjiang province,there may appeared different anastomosis groups in the same location,and the same anastomosis group will appeare in different regions.
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