Various factors are involved in bridge scheme optimization, and it is difficult to judge the advantages and disadvantages of a bridge structure type by using just one index. A comprehensive evaluation indicator system for bridge structure optimization is established, with functional requirement, economic factor, landscape function and construction curing as the criteria, and each factor comprising several evaluation objects (7 in total). The improved three-mark AHP is employed to make it easier for experts to confirm the comparison matrix. With the comparison matrix, one can get the weight of the indicators based on the charaeteristics and function of the bridge by the means of the improved AHP and expert evaluation, and thus identify the rational bridge structure. By comparing with gray theory and fuzzy mat hematics method, it may be concluded that the comprehensive evaluation indicator system is rational for bridge scheme optimization.%桥梁结构形式的选择涉及多个因素,很难用单一指标作为桥型优劣的评判依据.采用目标分解法建立了切实可行的公路桥梁选型综合评价指标体系模型,将功能要求、经济因素、景观要求和施工养护4个因素作为综合评价指标体系的准则层,其中每个因素又具体分解为一些评价对象,共分为7个评价对象.在此基础上引入改进的层次分析法--三标度法根据桥梁性质及使用要求来确定综合评价各指标的权重,结合专家打分评价方法,得出各个备选方案比较合理的分值,最终确定合理的桥梁结构形式.并与灰色选型理论和模糊理论作比较,引入改进层次分析法的综合评价指标法能将定性与定量相结合,且计算简便、判读准确,是一种科学、合理的桥梁形式选择方法.
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