当前，建筑防火设计规范向性能化方向发展。性能化防火设计所做的主要工作是火灾风险评估，而火灾场景设计是火灾风险评估的基础。以火灾荷载调查数据为基础进行典型商业建筑火灾场景设计的试验研究，设计大型购物中心内快餐店和运动休闲店两类店铺的燃料包并进行ISO 9705实体房间火试验，用于确定燃料包的燃烧特性，如热释放速率、毒性气体产生速率等。试验结果表明：快餐店和运动休闲店两个燃料包的火灾增长率处于中速火和快速火之间，并且偏向于快速火，两个试验的热释放速率的峰值都达到1MW左右，平均热释放速率快餐店为139kW，运动休闲店为191kW。试验结果可以为建筑设计师和消防工程师在火灾风险评估中设计火灾场景提供参考。%Nowadays, there has been an increasing effort to move towards performance-based codes. Fire risk assessment is a major component of performance-based design, and fire scenario design is a foundation for fire risk assessment. The data from a survey along with the statistical information were employed in an experiment study of fire scenario design for commercial buildings. Fuel packages to be used in large scale fire test （ISO 9705 ROOM） were developed for fast-food stores and sports stores in shopping centers. The objective of these tests was to determine the fire characteristics for the selected fuel packages, such as heat release rate （HRR） and production rates of toxic gases. The fire growth rates of the two fuel packages for the fast food store and the sports store were between medium speed fire and fast speed fire, closer to fast speed fire. In the experiments, the peak heat release rate occurred at 1MW. The average heat release rates for the fast food store and the sports store were 139kW and 191kW, respectively. The results provide information that can be used in the design of the fire safety systems of any commercial building for building designers and fire proteetion engineers.
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