中草药对致病性维氏气单胞菌体外抑菌活性及最优组方研究

摘要

The study aimed to searching for an efficacious medicine curing sturgeon disease. Water extracts from Chinese herbs were screened against Aeromonas veronii by tube dilution method,the minimum inhibitory concentrations(MIC) were determined. Best combination was determined by orthogonal experiment. 33 kinds of Chinese herb water extracts had different bacteriostatic activity against Aeromonas veronii. Among these herbs,Rhus chinensis Mill. had the lowest MIC against Aeromonas veronii (0.97 μg/mL), which was better than Sanguisorba officinalis L. and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, both with MIC of 1.95 μg/mL. However,Portulaca oleracea L. and Sophora flavescens Ait had the highest MIC against Aeromonas veronii (250 μg/mL). The best combination against Aeromonas veronii contained Rhus chinensis Mill. , Sanguisorba o f f icinalis L. ,Euphorbia humifusa Willd. and Forsythia suspensa (Thunb) Vahl,the ratio was 1 - 2 : 4 . 8. The combination had a good bacteriostatic effect. The results would provide evidences for further caring diseases of aquiculture by Chinese herbs.%本研究旨在寻找防治鲟鱼病害的有效中草药药物.用水煎煮法提取天然物中草药有效成分,采用试管法测定各提取物对维氏气单胞菌的最低抑菌浓度,最后通过正交试验确定了4种中草药提取物体外抑菌的最优组方.33种中草药提取物对维氏气单胞菌抑菌效果最好的是五倍子,其MIC为0.97μg/mL;其次是地榆和黄芩,两者MIC均为1.95μg/mL;马齿苋和苦参抑菌效果最差,MIC为250μg/mL.选取五倍子、地榆、地锦草和连翘进行正交试验,其最优组方为1∶2∶4∶8,该组方对维氏气单胞菌有明显的抑制作用,为进一步应用中草药防治水产养殖病害提供依据.