长链非编码RNA及其在医学、家畜方面的研究进展

摘要

长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,LncRNA)是一类转录本长度超过200 nt的RNA分子,没有或少有编码蛋白的能力.LncRNA参与编码基因表达调控的表观遗传机制,能够直接调控靶基因的转录与蛋白的降解等,在基因组印记、转录调控及人类疾病等方面有着广泛功能.作者着重对LncRNA的特点、分类、作用机制及其在医学和家畜方面的研究进展作一综述,最后对LncRNA在家畜方面的研究与应用进行展望.%Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) is a functional RNA segment longer than 200 nucleotides, with little or no protein-coding capacity and can be transcribed in most eukaryotic genome. LncRNAs are involved in epigenetic mechanism regulating the transcription of targeting gene and associated with genomic imprinting, transcription regulation and human diseases. This paper reviews the characteristics, classify, molecular mechanisms and current research efforts on medical science and livestock of I.ncRNAs. Finally, we prospect the application of LncRNAs in domestic animal.