为掌握规模化养猪场舍内外环境空气质量的变化,为猪舍空气质量对人、动物健康影响的风险评估和相关控制技术的研究提供理论依据.试验采用环境检测方法对南京市郊某规模化养猪场的哺乳仔猪舍、保育舍和生长育肥舍进行空气质量检测.结果显示,春、夏、秋、冬猪舍内环境空气中平均细菌总数分别为118.77×103、28.51×103、102.04×103、62.71×103 CFU/m3,NH3的浓度分别为9.67、10.87、9.95、12.74 mg/m3,H2S的浓度分别为2.81、1.95、2.68、2.78 mg/m3；猪舍外环境空气中平均细菌总数分别为13.57×10 3、13.20×10 3、16.70×10 3、11.85×103 CFU/m3,NH3的浓度分别为1.01、1.44、1.07、0.42 mg/m3,H2S的浓度分别为0.06、0.08、0.03、0.01 mg/m3.猪舍内环境空气中细菌总数春季＞秋季＞冬季＞夏季(P＜0.05),且猪舍内细菌总数高于舍外(P＜0.05),猪舍内在春、秋、冬季除生长育肥舍外,均超出国家规定的标准,而夏季在规定的标准范围内；环境空气中NH3、H2S的浓度在国家规定的标准范围内；猪舍内外环境温度、相对湿度和风速等环境指标均符合国家规定的标准.%To research the air quality of the scaled pig farm and evaluate the influence of the air quality on animal and human beings'health, the experiment adopts the environmental detection method to get the statistics about the air quality of sucking piglets pens,nursery pens and fattening pens. The experiment shows that in the pigs houses the average total bacteria a-mount in four seasons are 118. 77×103,28. 51 × 103 ,102. 04 ×103 ,62. 71×103 CFU/m3.The concentration of NH3 in four seasons are 9. 67,10. 87,9. 95,12. 74 mg/m3. The concentration of H2 S in four seasons are 2. 81,1. 95,2. 68,2. 78 mg/m3. The total bacteria amount of outside the pigs'houses in four seasons are 13. 57×103 ,13. 20 ×103 ,16. 70×103 ,11. 85×103 CFU/m3. The concentration of NH3 are 1. 01,1. 44,1. 07,0. 42 mg/m3. The concentration of H2S are 0. 06,0. 08,0. 03,0. 01 mg/m3. The total amount of bacteria in four seasons are the spring>autumn>winter>summer(P<0. 05). The total bacteria count inside the house are bigger than that outside the house(P<0. 05). The total amount of bacteria in four seasons are all beyond the national standard except the summer. The concentration of NH3 and H2S are within the national standard. The temperature, relative humidity and wind speed are within the national standard.
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