苦马豆生物碱成分的初步分析

摘要

为进一步筛选苦马豆的主要毒性成分和生物碱类活性物质,对苦马豆生物碱成分进行初步分析.采用生物碱预试、薄层色谱和气相色谱质谱联用等方法对宁夏采集的苦马豆生物碱成分进行定性分析.经薄层色谱分析,苦马豆生物碱出现了Rf值与苦参碱相近的斑点；气相色谱质谱联用分析确定苦马豆生物碱出现了与苦参碱色谱保留时间相近的峰,且该峰对应的离子碎片质谱图与苦参碱离子碎片质谱图一致.但通过薄层色谱和气相色谱质谱联用分析均未从苦马豆中检出吲哚里西啶生物碱——苦马豆素.结果表明,宁夏采集的苦马豆中含有苦参碱,不含苦马豆素或所含苦马豆素低于检测限.%To provide evidence for screening the poisonous components and physiologically active alkaloids, this study was performed to analyze primarily the alkaloids of Swainsona salsula. Preliminary tests, thin layer chromatographic analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectrum analysis were used to determine the alkaloid components extracted from Swainsona salsula in Ningxia. The results of the thin layer chromatographic analysis showed that the alkaloids of Swainsona salsula and matrine shared the same TLC spot, TLC retention Rf value. Gas chromatography-mass spectrum analysis also indicated that Swainsona salsula alkaloids and matrine shared the same GC retention time and mass spectra. However, Swainsonine in these samples could not be detected by thin layer chromatographic and gas chromatography-mass spectrum. The results showed that Swainsona salsula collected from Ningxia was ascertained to contain substantial anounts of matrine, but no Swainsonine was presence in Swainsona salsula or the Sxvinasonine level of the plant was low the detectable limit in this experiment.