纯种和牛快速扩繁关键技术研究

摘要

为达到快速扩繁纯种和牛的目的,试验从供体牛高强度超数排卵、胚胎性别鉴定及不同品种受体牛移植对产犊、妊娠期和犊牛初生重的影响进行研究.结果表明,纯种和牛连续超排9次,每次间隔30 d,第2次头均回收胚数22.78枚,显著高于第5~9次结果(P<0.05),其余各组之间无显著差异(P>0.05);第1~3次头均可用胚数分别为8.67、13.78、8.56枚,组间无显著差异(P>0.05),第2次头均可用胚数显著高于第4~9次头均可用胚数(P<0.05),极显著高于第7、9次头均可用胚数(P<0.01).性别鉴定胚胎和常规胚胎移植妊娠率和产犊率差异均不显著(P>0.05),性别鉴定胚胎的母犊率为95.56%.西门塔尔杂交牛受体产犊率高于和牛杂交牛、荷斯坦奶牛受体,但差异不显著(P>0.05).和牛杂交牛受体妊娠期极显著高于西门塔尔杂交牛和荷斯坦奶牛受体(P<0.01),西门塔尔杂交牛和荷斯坦奶牛之间差异不显著(P>0.05);西门塔尔杂交牛受体所产和牛母犊初生重显著高于和牛杂交牛受体(P<0.05),极显著高于荷斯坦奶牛受体(P<0.01),3个品种受体牛产和牛公犊初生重之间差异不显著(P>0.05);同一品种受体牛其产公、母犊牛的妊娠期及初生重均相近.%In order to rapid propagation of purebred Wagyu, the experiment were conducted to study the effects of high intensity superovulation, embryo sex identification and different breeds recipient cattle on calving, gestation period and calf birth weight.Wagyu were superovulated repeatedly for nine times with a 30 days interval.The results indicated that the average number of total embryos collected at the second time was 22.78, which was significantly higher than those of the fifth to ninth times (P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between the other groups (P>0.05).There was no significant difference between the number of transferable embryos in the first to third times (P>0.05).The available embryos number of the second times superovulation were significantly higher than those of the fourth to ninth times (P<0.05),and were remarkably significantly higher than those of the seventh and ninth times (P<0.01).There were no observably differences of pregnant rate and calving rate between sex identified embryos, and regular embryos respectively (P>0.05).The female calf percentage of sexed embryos was 95.56%.The calving rate of the Simmental-catalo receptors were higher than those of Wagyu-catalo and Holstein receptors (P>0.05).The gestation period of Wagyu-catalo were remarkably significantly greater than those of Simmental-catalo and Holstein receptors (P<0.01), however, there was no significant difference between Simmental-catalo and Holstein receptors (P>0.05).The birth weight of female calves calved by Simmental-catalo receptors were higher than those of Wagyu-catalo (P<0.05), which was extremely significantly higher than those of Holstein receptor (P<0.01).The male calf birth weight was no significant difference in the three breeds receptors (P>0.05).There were obvious differences between male and female calves in gestation and birth weight with in the same recipient breed.