亚麻仁饼(粕)在畜禽饲料应用中的研究进展

摘要

In order to systematically understand the research status of linseed cake (meal) as animal feed at home and abroad,as well as investigate effective utilization of linseed cake (meal) and other by-products of linseed as animal feed in the future,research progress of linseed cake (meal) as animal feed is reviewed based on classification and origin of Chinese linseed,ingredients and nutritional value of linseed cake (meal),toxic and harmful substances,and linseed cake research progress of ruminant animals,pigs,poultry at home and abroad.Linseed cake (meal) is rich in protein.Its crude protein and lysine content are relatively less than soybean meal,peanut meal and cottonseed meal.It is better feed when it is mixed with other high lysine protein feed.Because of its hydrocyanic acid toxicity,its proportion in feed is limited.Therefore,the maximal proportion in pig and ruminant diet are 8％-10％ and 20％,respectively.Its optimal proportion in poultry feed is remained to be investigated.Decreasing hydrocyanic acid toxicity in linseed cake (meal) and collocation ratio of cake are research emphasis in the future.Linseed cake (meal),which is rich in linolenic acid,can be applied to improve the value of animal product.%为系统了解亚麻仁饼(粕)在国内外畜禽饲料中的研究现状以及今后亚麻仁饼(粕)及其他亚麻副产品在畜禽饲料中的有效利用,对我国亚麻分型及产地、亚麻仁饼(粕)的饲料成分、营养价值、有毒有害物质以及在国内外反刍动物、猪和家禽饲料中的研究进展进行综述.亚麻仁饼(粕)是营养丰富的畜禽蛋白饲料原料,其粗蛋白质及赖氨酸含量相对大豆粕、棉籽粕、菜籽粕、花生仁粕较低,适合与其他含赖氨酸高的蛋白质饲料混合搭配饲喂;但因氢氰酸毒性限制了其饲料中用量,猪日粮中最高适宜用量8％～10％,反刍动物日粮中可增加至20％,家禽饲料中的适宜饲喂量还有待继续研究.亚麻仁饼(粕)毒性的降低及与其他饼粕的搭配比例是今后其作为畜禽饲料研究的重点;另外,亚麻仁饼(粕)含有丰富的亚麻酸C18∶3,可针对性地提高动物产品附加值.