银纳米线的溶剂热法制备及表征

摘要

以硝酸银为银源、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(K-30)为模板剂和包覆剂、葡萄糖为还原剂、乙二醇为溶剂,采用溶剂热法成功制备出银纳米线.采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、热重(TG)等手段对银纳米线进行了表征.结果表明,在反应温度为160 ℃、反应时间为4 h、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(K-30)与硝酸银物质的量比为5的条件下,制备出直径100～150 nm、长度10～20 μm的银纳米线.XRD物相分析表明,产物为结晶度较高、具有面心立方结构的纯银纳米线.%Using silver nitrate as a silver source,poly-vinylpyrrolidone(K-30) as a template and a covered agent,glucose as a reducing agent,and ethylene glycol as a solvent,we prepared silver nanowires by a solvothermal method.We characterized the silver nanowires by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM),ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum(UV-Vis) and thermogravimetry(TG).Results show that we can prepare silver nanowires with diameter of 100～150 nm,and length of 10～20 μm under the conditions as follows:reaction temperature of 160 ℃,reaction time of 4 h,and molar ratio of poly-vinylpyrrolidone(K-30) and silver nitrate of 5.XRD phase analysis shows that the prepared silver nanowires have a high degree of crystallization and face-centered cubic structure.