蚕蛹蛋白替代蛋白胨研制新型细菌培养基的初步研究

摘要

In order to explore the ability of silkworm pupa protein in bacterial cultivation and feasibility of bacterial medium preparation instead of peptone,we prepared soluble silkworm pupa protein powder by pre-treatment and controlled enzymatic digestion.We conducted the bacterial culture experiment of Gram positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis CGMCC1.3358 and Gram negative bacterium Escherichia coli AB90054 in a new bacterial medium,in which silkworm pupa protein powder with different proportions instead of peptone in com-mon LB medium.The results show that the yield of soluble silkworm pupa protein powder reaches 48.3% after pickling,degrease,decolorization,and enzymatic digestion,and the re-solubility of the protein reaches 99.4%. The silkworm pupa protein medium remains yellow and clear after high pressure steam sterilization.The bacte-rial culture and identification experiments show that silkworm pupa protein can completely instead of peptone as nitrogen source and carbon source for the growth of bacteria.The silkworm pupa protein medium can ensure the rapid accumulation of biomass while maintaining the normal growth and morphology of bacteria.Silkworm pupa protein has many advantages such as source abundance,moderate price,and industrialized processing,and it can be used as a new cheap substitute instead of peptone to develop new bacterial medium.%为了探究蚕蛹蛋白在细菌培养方面的能力及替代蛋白胨配制细菌培养基的可行性,将蚕蛹预处理后经酶解消化得到可溶性蚕蛹蛋白粉,将其以不同比例替代或完全替代普通 LB 培养基中的蛋白胨成分进行革兰氏阳性菌枯草芽孢杆菌CGMCC1.3358和阴性菌大肠杆菌 AB90054的培养实验.结果表明:蚕蛹经酸洗、脱脂脱色、酶解制备可溶性蚕蛹蛋白粉的收率为48.3%,蛋白复溶率可达99.4%;蚕蛹蛋白培养基经高压蒸汽灭菌后色泽微黄且清亮;蚕蛹蛋白可完全替代蛋白胨提供细菌生长所需的氮源和碳源;蚕蛹蛋白培养基能在保证菌体生物量快速积累的同时维持菌体生长形态正常.蚕蛹蛋白具有来源广、价格低、可工业化加工等特点,可作为一种新的廉价的蛋白胨替代原料进行新型细菌培养基的研制.