酯基Gemini季铵盐阳离子表面活性剂的研究进展

摘要

含酯基季铵盐表面活性剂具有良好的表面活性及生物降解性能而广受国内外学者关注。本文回顾了近几年来国内外对可降解的含酯基双子季铵盐（对称型、非对称型及含杂环型）的研究概况，并简要介绍产物作为消毒杀菌剂、金属腐蚀抑制剂、乳化剂、泡沫剂、基因载体等在工业上的应用。最后，指出通过分子设计开发性价比优异的新型表面活性剂、优化合成工艺、提高与传统表面活性剂的配伍性能等是当前的研究热点。%Quaternary ammonium salt surfactants with ester group have attracted considerable interest because of their excellent surface activities and biodegradability. This paper reviewes and analyzes the progress of Gemini quaternary ammonium salt surfactants with ester group (symmetric,asymmetric and heterocyclic-containing) and their industrial application in sanitizer,metal corrosion inhibitors, emulsifiers,foaming agent,genetic vector. The research on developing novel products with excellent cost-effective performance by molecular design , optimizing synthesis process , and improving compatibility with traditional surfactant will be the focus of future research.