质子交换膜燃料电池启动策略的实验研究

摘要

质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)在启动时各单片电池将出现高电压,而高电压会加速催化剂碳载体的腐蚀,进而影响电堆的性能.为了降低燃料电池启动时形成的高电压和缩短高电压维持的时间,本文通过实验研究对比分析了常规启动、联合最低单片电压启动和减小氢气进气压力启动3种不同启动方式对PEMFC的影响,提出了一种新的PEMFC启动策略.该策略是减小电堆启动时氢气进气压力,当电堆最小单片电压值大于0.3V后立即切入10Ω启动负载.结果表明,该策略不仅可以明显降低电堆启动时最大单片电压值,还缩短了高电压维持的时间,有利于提高电堆耐久性,是一种十分有效的PEMFC启动控制策略.%High voltage occurs in each cell of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) when it starts,and the high voltage will accelerate the corrosion of the carbon carrier of the catalyst,which will affect the performance of the reactor.In order to reduce high voltage in the start-up process and shorten the duration time,we study the effects of three different start-up methods of regular start-up,associate minimum monolithic voltage and lower hydrogen inlet pressure on PEMFC through experiment,and then puts forward a new start-up control strategy of reducing the hydrogen inlet pressure in the start-up process and putting a 10Ω load in when the minimum monolithic voltage value of the stack is greater than 0.3V.The results show that the new system shut-down control strategy of PEMFC can reduce both the high voltage in start-up process and the duration time.So it is a very effective start-up strategy which improves the durability of the stack.