棕榈酸异丙酯反应精馏塔的设计与控制

摘要

The relative volatility ranking of mixtures in the reactive system had great influence on the design and control of the whole process of reactive distillation.For the isopropyl palmitate reactive system with the most disadvantage relative volatility ranking,its optimal steady state model was established and the corresponding conventional temperature control (TC) scheme and novel temperature difference control (TDC) scheme were designed to control the purities of the products.Aspen Dynamics was used to carry out the simulation experiment.Three types of disturbances,i.e.operating pressure disturbance,feed flow rate disturbance and feed composition disturbance,were introduced to evaluate the control performance of these two control schemes.The results show that both TC and TDC schemes can maintain the purities of the products,which highlight the rationality of the design of the steady-state model.But the TDC scheme has better robustness,which can stabilize the system quickly and has smaller overshoot compared with the TC scheme.Therefore,the work provides a new way for the design and control of the reactive distillation process.%反应体系中混合物的相对挥发度排序对整个反应精馏过程的设计和控制都有很大的影响,针对拥有最不利相对挥发度排序的棕榈酸异丙酯(IPP)反应精馏塔的特点,建立合理的稳态模型,并设计常规的温度控制TC方案以及新颖的温差控制TDC方案来控制出料产品的纯度.通过Aspen Dynamics软件进行模拟仿真实验.在系统中引入3种干扰(操作压力,进料流量和进料组分)用于评估2种控制方案的性能.仿真结果表明:2种控制方案最终都能很好地控制出料产品的纯度,这突显了稳态模型设计的合理性.但TDC方案明显具有更好的鲁棒性,保证了产品纯度的同时还使系统能够快速的稳定,且超调量较小,这为今后反应精馏过程的设计与控制提供了一种新思路.